Seasonal calendar and checklists

A season-by-season calendar for Australian beekeeping and simple printable checklists for inspections, spring, autumn, harvest day and kit.

Applies to
All of Australia
Last reviewed

This page is a quick reference: a calendar of the beekeeping year, then checklists you can print and tick off. For the reasoning behind each task, see seasonal management by climate zone; for harvest timing and method, see harvesting and extracting honey. To print a checklist, use your browser’s print option.

Season-by-season calendar

The calendar suits the temperate south, where the usual calendar seasons fit. Bees follow the weather and the flowers, so treat the months as a rough guide.

Season Months Main jobs
Spring September to November Early check for laying queen, brood pattern and stores; feed if low; add space; swarm control; combine weak colonies; water nearby
Summer December to February Water; avoid opening hives in the heat; manage supers; fire precautions; watch small hive beetle
Autumn March to May Pre-winter inspection; check stores; requeen or combine; reduce boxes; stop robbing
Winter June to August Open hives rarely; watch the entrance; sunny sheltered site; repair equipment

All year: test for varroa as your state advises (see varroa mite) and keep records (see inspections and records).

How the north differs

  • Tropical north. The tropics have a dry and a wet season, so the four-season calendar does not apply. Read it as build-up, peak and slow-down and ask a local beekeeper how it falls in your area.
  • Warm humid coast. Small hive beetle has the greatest impact here (BeeAware, Business Queensland). Keep colonies strong, keep ground clear and extract promptly.
  • Cooler areas. Winters are longer. Ask a local club how much honey colonies need in store.

Checklist: before each inspection

  • Fine, calm day with bees flying; avoid the hottest part of the day
  • Protective clothing on and checked for gaps
  • Smoker lit, cool smoke, fire rules checked
  • Hive tool, notes and water ready
  • Plan for what to check
  • Record the date and weather

See your first inspection for the full method.

Checklist: spring check

  • Laying queen: eggs and young larvae present
  • Brood pattern good; no signs of brood disease
  • Food stores checked; feed if low
  • Enough space; super added or swapped where needed
  • Queen cells looked for, including along lower frame edges
  • Older queens noted for replacement
  • Weak colonies combined with another colony
  • Small hive beetle traps changed if needed
  • Water source nearby
  • Varroa test done as your state advises

Checklist: autumn and winter preparation

  • Pre-winter inspection in autumn, on a warm, sunny day
  • Laying queen confirmed in every colony
  • Weak or queenless colonies requeened or combined
  • Enough honey in store for winter (ask your club how much)
  • Fed in autumn if stores short (not in winter)
  • Number of boxes reduced
  • Boxes repaired and entrance reduced to deter robbing
  • Hive in a sunny, sheltered spot, raised off the ground
  • Damaged equipment repaired or replaced
  • Records up to date

Checklist: harvest day

  • Check the colony will still have enough honey for winter; leave what it needs
  • Take only surplus honey
  • Keep honey from supplementary feeding out of extraction
  • Replace removed boxes with extracted comb or foundation
  • Extract promptly: in small hive beetle areas, within one to two days of removal
  • Keep wax scraps sealed so other bees cannot rob them
  • Store supers somewhere well ventilated
  • Record the date and the hives harvested

Checklist: kit

  • Veil, suit and gloves, checked for holes
  • Hive tool
  • Smoker and fuel
  • Notebook or record sheet
  • Spare boxes, frames and lids
  • Water, to drink and for the smoker area
  • Alcohol-wash or other varroa test kit
  • Sealed container for wax scraps

See what you need to start for what each item is for.

Sources

Every fact on this page was checked against at least two independent sources.

  1. Spring managementExtension Australia (Professional Beekeepers)Research and industry
  2. Summer managementExtension Australia (Professional Beekeepers)Research and industry
  3. Hive management: Autumn & winterExtension Australia (Professional Beekeepers)Research and industry
  4. Inspecting hivesBeeAware (Plant Health Australia)Official
  5. Managing bee hivesBusiness QueenslandOfficial
  6. Small hive beetleBusiness QueenslandOfficial
  7. Small hive beetleBeeAware (Plant Health Australia)Official
  8. The wet and the dry seasons in the tropicsBureau of MeteorologyOfficial